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Thursday, November 3, 2011

STRUCTURE

NAMA: Ardi eksanusi
NIM: A320110053

A clause is the smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete. In some languages it may be a pair or group of words that consists of a subject and a predicate, although in other languages in certain clauses the subject may not appear explicitly as a noun phrase, being instead marked on the verb (this is especially common in null subject languages). The most basic kind of sentence consists of a single (independent) clause. More complex sentences may contain multiple clauses, including clauses contained within clauses. Clauses may be independent or dependent. Independent clauses are those that could stand as a sentence by themselves, although they may be used connected with other clauses in a longer sentence. Dependent clauses are those that would be awkward or nonsensical if used alone, and must be used in a sentence also containing an independent clause.
1.       Noun Clause
Noun clause is a clause that can function as a subject and object.
a.       Noun Clause as Subject
Example :
·         What he eats is not my concern.
·         Where he hides is not my concern.
·         What he said can make me better.
·         Whatever she did make me wonder.
·         Where he lives is doesn’t matter.
·         What my parent says make me stronger.
·         What he did make me confused.
·         What she says make me sad.
·         What my teacher did we must respect to him.
·         What he did give benefit for him.
·         Whoever ate my lunch is still in the cafeteria.
b.      Noun Clause as Object
Example :
·         She always understand whatever our teacher explained.
·         Don’t forget whatever our teacher says.
·         I still remember whatever my mom says.
·         I don’t know whoever that eat my dinner.
·         Don’t forget whatever I say to you.
·         I forget whatever she says to me.
·         We still respect whatever they do.
·         He didn’t understand whatever our teacher explained.
·         We still remember whatever our coach said.
·          We still remember whatever our doctor said.

2.       Adverbial Clause
Adverb clause is a clause that explain the verb (predicate) or function as adverb.
a.       Adverb of Time
A clause that indicate of time, usually use conjunction after, before, no sooner, while, as, when, etc.
Example :
·         Shut the door before you go out!
·         You may begin when  you are ready.
·         While he was walking home, he saw an accident.
·         By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.
·         No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.
·         They saw a plane when they where in airport.
·         He was sleeping when I called him.
·         I saw him when she was reading a magazine.
·         I was painting when my mother came.
·         Before she leaves, she will put the letters on your desk.
b.      Adverb of Place
A clause that indicate of place, usually use conjunction where, nowhere, anywhere, wherever, etc.
Example :
·         They sat down wherever they could find empty seats.
·         The guard stood where he was positioned.
·         Where there is a will, there is a way.
·         Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.
·         Go where you like.
·         He often goes wherever he wishes.
·         He always happy wherever he lives.
·         He look so sad wherever he lives.
·         Wherever we went, we saw a beautiful view.
·         Wherever we live, we have new friend.
c.       Clause of Manner
A clause that indicate how is work done or how the even occur, usually use conjunction as, how, like, in that, etc.
Example :
·         He did as I told him.
·         You may finish it how you like.
·         They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.
·         She reads a magazine by quickly like the thunderbolt.
·         He climbs quickly like a monkey.
·         Rani sings as Rosa done.
·         Dani laughs as if he is a joker
·         Tini speaks as if she is a speaker
·         Budi frogs as frogs done.
·         He kick the ball like David Beckham.
d.      Clause of Frequency
A Clause that indicate how often it does.
Example :
·         He often reads book so he get 100.
·         She never wake up late because she very diligent.
·         We play football twice a week so we so healthy.
·         We seldom read newspeaper so we don’t understand about it.
·         I take a bath twice a day so I keep fress everyday.
·         We must study everyday because the exam will be held.
·         I feel better because I drink medicine three time a day.
·         Our class is clean because we sweep everyday.
·         We have a party twice a month because I like it.
·         I play tennis twice a week because my house near with the tennis field.

3.      Adjective Clause
A clause that explain noun or pronoun.
Example :
·         The woman who bought a new house is my sister ( subject)
·         Mr Amir who was chosen as the captain is going to jogja now. ( subject )
·         The man who wear a red jacket is my uncle. (subject)
·         The students whom I teach come from Jogjakarta. (object)
·         The police whom catch me go to office. (object)
·         The man whom I hit is my neighbor. (object)
·          The man whose car is new is my uncle. (property)
·         The cat whose tail is white is mine. (property)
·         The woman whose house is new is my mother. (property)
·         The cat which running to me is mine. (subject)
·         The painting which on the floor is mine. (subject)