NIM: A320110053
A clause is the smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete. In some languages it may be a pair or group of words that consists of a subject and a predicate, although in other languages in certain clauses the subject may not appear explicitly as a noun phrase, being instead marked on the verb (this is especially common in null subject languages). The most basic kind of sentence consists of a single (independent) clause. More complex sentences may contain multiple clauses, including clauses contained within clauses. Clauses may be independent or dependent. Independent clauses are those that could stand as a sentence by themselves, although they may be used connected with other clauses in a longer sentence. Dependent clauses are those that would be awkward or nonsensical if used alone, and must be used in a sentence also containing an independent clause.
1. Noun Clause
Noun clause is a clause that can function as a subject and object.
a. Noun Clause as Subject
Example :
· What he eats is not my concern.
· Where he hides is not my concern.
· What he said can make me better.
· Whatever she did make me wonder.
· Where he lives is doesn’t matter.
· What my parent says make me stronger.
· What he did make me confused.
· What she says make me sad.
· What my teacher did we must respect to him.
· What he did give benefit for him.
· Whoever ate my lunch is still in the cafeteria.
b. Noun Clause as Object
Example :
· She always understand whatever our teacher explained.
· Don’t forget whatever our teacher says.
· I still remember whatever my mom says.
· I don’t know whoever that eat my dinner.
· Don’t forget whatever I say to you.
· I forget whatever she says to me.
· We still respect whatever they do.
· He didn’t understand whatever our teacher explained.
· We still remember whatever our coach said.
· We still remember whatever our doctor said.
2. Adverbial Clause
Adverb clause is a clause that explain the verb (predicate) or function as adverb.
a. Adverb of Time
A clause that indicate of time, usually use conjunction after, before, no sooner, while, as, when, etc.
Example :
· Shut the door before you go out!
· You may begin when you are ready.
· While he was walking home, he saw an accident.
· By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.
· No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.
· They saw a plane when they where in airport.
· He was sleeping when I called him.
· I saw him when she was reading a magazine.
· I was painting when my mother came.
· Before she leaves, she will put the letters on your desk.
b. Adverb of Place
A clause that indicate of place, usually use conjunction where, nowhere, anywhere, wherever, etc.
Example :
· They sat down wherever they could find empty seats.
· The guard stood where he was positioned.
· Where there is a will, there is a way.
· Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.
· Go where you like.
· He often goes wherever he wishes.
· He always happy wherever he lives.
· He look so sad wherever he lives.
· Wherever we went, we saw a beautiful view.
· Wherever we live, we have new friend.
c. Clause of Manner
A clause that indicate how is work done or how the even occur, usually use conjunction as, how, like, in that, etc.
Example :
· He did as I told him.
· You may finish it how you like.
· They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.
· She reads a magazine by quickly like the thunderbolt.
· He climbs quickly like a monkey.
· Rani sings as Rosa done.
· Dani laughs as if he is a joker
· Tini speaks as if she is a speaker
· Budi frogs as frogs done.
· He kick the ball like David Beckham.
d. Clause of Frequency
A Clause that indicate how often it does.
Example :
· He often reads book so he get 100.
· She never wake up late because she very diligent.
· We play football twice a week so we so healthy.
· We seldom read newspeaper so we don’t understand about it.
· I take a bath twice a day so I keep fress everyday.
· We must study everyday because the exam will be held.
· I feel better because I drink medicine three time a day.
· Our class is clean because we sweep everyday.
· We have a party twice a month because I like it.
· I play tennis twice a week because my house near with the tennis field.
3. Adjective Clause
A clause that explain noun or pronoun.
Example :
· The woman who bought a new house is my sister ( subject)
· Mr Amir who was chosen as the captain is going to jogja now. ( subject )
· The man who wear a red jacket is my uncle. (subject)
· The students whom I teach come from Jogjakarta. (object)
· The police whom catch me go to office. (object)
· The man whom I hit is my neighbor. (object)
· The man whose car is new is my uncle. (property)
· The cat whose tail is white is mine. (property)
· The woman whose house is new is my mother. (property)
· The cat which running to me is mine. (subject)
· The painting which on the floor is mine. (subject)